HomeMy WebLinkAboutMinutes Corpus Christi Aquifer Storage And Recovery Conservation District - 01/08/2015 MINUTES OF THE REGULAR MEETING
i OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF
CORPUS CHRISTI AQUIFER STORAGE AND RECOVERY
CONSERVATION DISTRICT
January 8, 2015
The Board of Directors of the Corpus Christi Aquifer Storage and Recovery
Conservation District met in regular session on Thursday, January 8, 2015, in the ACM
Conference Room, 5th floor, City Hall, 1201 Leopard Street, Corpus Christi, Texas, with
the following in attendance:
Members: In Attendance: (non-members)
Margie Rose Lisa Aguilar, Assistant City Attomey
Gus Gonzalez Buck Brice, Assistant City Attorney
Tom Tagliabue Brent Clayton, Water Resource Planner
Fred Segundo Wesley Nebgen, Water Supply Specialist
(vacant) Jeannie Holland, Legal Assistant
(1) Call Meeting to Order: The meeting was called to order by Board Chair Margie
Rose at 1:35 p.m. Roll was called. A quorum was present.
(2) Approval of Minutes: Minutes of the regular meeting of October 16, 2014 were
reviewed. Motion was made by Board member Tom Tagliabue to approve the minutes.
The Motion was seconded by Board member Gus Gonzalez.
Ayes: Board members Rose, Tagliabue, Gonzalez and Segundo
Nays: None
(3) Date for Next Meeting: The next meeting is scheduled for Thursday, April 9,
2015, at 1:30 p.m.
(4) Discussion and Possible Action to Replace Board Member Dan Biles to
Serve the Remainder of his Term: Board Member Gus Gonzalez nominated Valerie
Gray to serve the remainder of the term of Dan Biles. Discussion was had. Motion was
made by Board Member Tagliabue to table this item until the next meeting, and that
every Board member bring one candidate recommendation to the meeting. The Motion
was seconded by Board Member Gonzalez.
Ayes: Board members Rose, Tagliabue, Gonzalez and Segundo
Nays: None
(5) Discussion of Long Term Water Supply: Water Resource Planner Brent
Clayton reported that the City is very close to Stage 3 Drought Restrictions. Suggestion
was made to use T-accountinglbalance sheet when relaying to the Public.
01.08.15 Minutes
Page i
(6) 1 Discussion of Five Year Plan for District: WIter Supply Specialist Wes
Nebgen distributed the Proposed Five-Year Plan prepared in 2009 by HDR for the
Board's review, A draft regarding the "Next Steps for ASR District: Draft RFP for
Aquifer Characterization" was also distributed for review.
(7), Status of Updates to Rules and Regulations: Wesley Nebgen, Water Supply
Specialist, reported that the gaps in the Rules and Regulations can be filled in after the
study is complete.
(8) Action Plan (staff, money, etc.) to develop ASR: Board member Gonzalez
reported that an aquifer characterization would cost between $60,000 and $100,000,
and that $60,000 has been budgeted for this. Motion was made by Board Member
Gonzalez that Staff continue to work with HDR to get an aquifer characterization to
include water quality, and get it ready to take to Council for approval. The Motion was
seconded by Board member Segundo.
Ayes: Board members Rose, Tagliabue, Gonzalez and Segundo
Nays: None
(9) There was no Public Comment.
(10) Items to be Placed on next Agenda: Items to be placed on the Agenda for the
next meeting include: 1) Discussion and possible action to replace Board Member Dan
Biles; 2) Discussion of long term water supply; 3) Status and possible action of Action
Plan to develop ASRs; and 4) Status and possible action of revising Five Year Plan and
Annua$ Report,
(1 1) The meeting was adjourned by a Motion by Board Member Gus Gonzalez and
seconded by Board member Fred Segundo at 2:40 p.m.
Ayes: Board members Rose, Tagliabue, Gonzalez and Segundo
Nays; None
Fred Segundo, Secretary
01.08.15 Minutes
Page 2
Next Steps for ASR District:
Draft RFP for Aquifer Characterization
Purpose:To initiate the strategic development of specific controls associated with proper
administration and oversight of the Corpus Christi Aquifer Storage and Recovery Conservation District
(CCASRCD).
Scope: The scope of the project will include the utilization of currenttechnologies,model runs,
1P
historical data, and expert analysis to fulkly understand CCASRCD aquifer dynamics and the impacts of
current and future well activity. The analysis should focus ah the district's distinct geological,
lithological, chemical and hydrological make-up to establish Water1� s,quality and movement within
the aquifer. Furthermore,data from this study will be'Itsed to establish'CCASRD regulatory procedures
and offer management technical support when marig future decisions.
Deliverables
1. Establish DFC
2. Establish Maximum Annual With4,rawai
3. Establish Maximum Daily Withdrawal Rai "
4. Conduct evaluation of"subsurface geolggy to dete rine risk ofsubsidence and set parameters
accordingly
S. Revise Drilling Permits
6. Revise Operator 00r-m" its
ez
7. Determine�relevant qualitystanrlardFand set maximum contaminant levels(MCL's)for water
that is to be infected
8 Develop well construction reo irements '
9. Detailed GIS mapping,of,well lacatios and subsurface aquifer formation
10. Review' ,and suggest revision to the irent CCASRCD management plan
11. Identify the"need and/or vacation of district monitoring wells
12. Develop rate,., for�petmitted wells that is supportive of the District's goals while being
sensitive to the f`i ancial lirbitations of the District's operators.
13. Review and suggest feasible alternatives, if any,on the delineation in exempt and non-exempt
wells as defined in the current regulations.
14. Integrate information into a revised rules and regulations for the district.
A PROPOSED FIVE- Y AR FLAN
for
Corpus Christi
Aquifer Storage and, Recovery
Groundwater Conservation District
Prepared for:
OF
City of Corpus Christi
F; y
Prepared by:
3
IONE CONIPAVY
Matti,Sohitionslu
September 29, 2009
A PROPOSED FIVE-YEAR PLAN
Corpus Christi Aquifer Storage and Recovery Groundwater Conservation District
September 29, 2009
Lary Land, P.E.
1. INTRODUCTION
The Corpus Christ's Aquifer Storage and Recovery Groundwater Conservation District
(District)is a groundwater conservation district(GCD) and created in accordance with Texas
Water Code Chapter 36. As with the other GCDs, the major purposes of the District are to:
(1)provide for conservation,preservation,protection, and recharge, (2)prevent waste, and
(3) control land surface subsidence. In accordance with GCD requirements, the District has
prepared a Groundwater Management Plan. It has been approved by the Texas Water
Development Board( B).
The District's objectives are to enhance the City of Corpus Christi's (City)water supply,
treatment and distribution. A major concern when forming the District was to ensure that
water stored in an ASR facility could not by diverted by nearby wells. According to the
.° � District's Management Plan, the District's objectives include:
` • Seasonal, long-term, and emergency(strategic reserve) storage
• Augmentation of peak storage capacity
• Improving system water quality by maintaining minimum flows during seasons of
low demand
• Deferring expansion of some of the water system infrastructure
• Mitigation of streamflow requirements
• Management of stormwater flow and estuary salinity
• Helping to meet large retail customer demands
The location of the District is shown in figure 1. As illustrated on the map,most of the
District is in Nueces County; but, the District also includes very limited parts of Aransas,
Kleberg, and San Patricia Counties.
2. PURPOSE
The primary purpose of the proposed 5-year plan is to provide guidance to the City and
District on: (1) the District's day-to-day operations, (2) studies that are needed to identify
potential operational issues and gain confidence in developing a successful ASR program,
and (3) compliance with Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ)regulations.
Page I of 19 FaR
3. PROPOSED FIVE-YEAR PLAN
The proposed five-year plan consists of the following elements:
• District operations—rulemaking, well inventory, well registration and permitting,
record keeping,communications with constituents, review and assessment of data and
information,TWDB and TCEQ reports, and participation with other water regulatory,
management,and planning agencies and groups.
• Aquifer conditions—documentation of aquifer's historic and current water levels
and water quality.
• Aquifer characterization—compilation,analysis and interpretation of geophysical
log data, and preparation of aquifer maps;tables and summaries.
• ASR design dance—groundwater flow and mass transport modeling, test drilling,
geochemical analyses, and analysis of typical ASR operational scenarios.
• TCEQ regulatory requirements—summary of ASR permitting and operational
requirements.
• Feasibility assessments—engineering study to determine feasibility of constructing
and operating ASR for seasonal and long-term water banking at the O.N.Stevens
Water Treatment Plant(Stevens WTP) and Mustang Island.Preparation of report and
recommendations.
3.1. District operations
3.1.1. Rule making
After adopting a water management plan, which the District has completed,another
major step for a GCD is the writing and adopting of Rules.The rules are to cover,at
least:
• Definitions,purpose,and concepts of the Rules and Bylaws
• Board of Directors, including elections and governance
• District management and record keeping
• Requirements for new well registration and permits and renewals,including
existing and new wells,exemptions, transfers, fees,production limitations,
groundwater exports and reporting
• Hearings, including permitting and contested cases
3.1.2. District activities
Normal business activities of a GCD include: (1)communicating with individuals
and organizations and responding to information requests, (2)reviewing and acting
on a variety of well registration and permit requests,(3)participating in water
management and regulatory, activities of other governmental agencies and groups,
(4) responding to requirements by TWDB and TCEQ, (5) maintaining and updating
data bases, (6)reviewing and studying information so that the District officials can
be current on water issues, (7)holding District meetings,and(8)periodically
updating the District's Water Management Plan and Rules.
Page 2 of 19 hR
3.1.3. Well inventory
According to the District's 2009 Annual Report, initial steps have been taken to
compile: (1) injection and disposal well location and data from the Texas Railroad
Commission (RRC), (2) integrity tests of injection and disposal wells (RRC), and
(3) well data from TCEQ and TWDB. These data will need to be coded and entered
into a data base and updated periodically. The proposed interval is annually.
Because the electronic well records in TWDB and TCEQ's data base is an
incomplete historical record(prior to about 2002) of existing water wells, it's
proposed that the paper records in the TCEQ library be copied, coded and entered
into an electronic data base in order to have a complete historical record.
There are two common formats for a well inventory data base. One is a spreadsheet,
such as Microsoft EXCEL; and the other is a database,such as Microsoft ACCESS.
The spreadsheet format is simpler and more universal;however, the database format
offers considerable more versatility in the preparation of reports and tables.
3.2. Aquifer Conditions
Data to define aquifer conditions are generally considered to be groundwater levels and
water quality.These data consist of groundwater level measurements and laboratory
analyses of water samples that were collected from wells.
Jr Groundwater level data are used to prepare: (1)regional maps of the water table and
potentiometric surface of aquifers which provides information on the direction of
groundwater movement and changes (drawdown) over time, and (2) hydrographs at
individual wells, which document changes in water levels (drawdown) over time. If there
is sufficient data from wells in local areas and with different depths, the vertical
movement of water can be determined.
The water quality data are used to: (1) indicate the suitability of the water for various
needs, (2) water treatment requirements, and (3) document any changes or trends in water
quality,such as saline water intrusion or contamination.
Historic data are to be compiled from the TWDB well data base and entered into the
District's database. it's proposed that the database by updated at least annually. As
needed, the District is to interact with the TWDB in the continued collection of water
level and water quality data and enhance the network as candidate wells become
available. Some of these wells should be measured quarterly to define seasonal trends.
Water quality samples should be collected at about five year intervals.
Because of the importance of regional influences on groundwater levels in the District,
the water level monitoring network and database should include the Chicot and
Evangeline Aquifers in Nueces, Kleberg, Jim Wells, San Patricio, and Aransas Counties.
Water level maps for the Chicot and Evangeline Aquifers should be prepared every five
years.
I
Page 3 of 19 hrR
Concerning the ASR program, these data will be useful to: (1)define the approximate
direction and magnitude of the drift of a bubble of injected water around an ASR well,
and(2)identify any changes in aquifer conditions that could jeopardize the efficient
operation of an ASR well and well fields.
3.3. Aquifer Characterization
Aquifer characterization is generally considered to be describing the hydrogeologic
characteristics of the geology of the subsurface and the native groundwater that occurs
between the land surface and the base of Evangeline Aquifer or possibly the Goliad
Sands. The important information to be compiled from subsurface geologic data are the
occurrence and thickness of water-bearing(sand)zones and confining beds (silts and
clays) and the approximate salinity of water in the sand layers.Some of the more
massive layers are believed to be continuous in the District; however,many of the
thinner layers will only have a local extent.The proposed approach in developing these
data is to acquire, study and interpret geophysical logs from oil and gas wells and
exploratory test holes. The most suitable logs are the older ones when the drillers did not
have to comply with the protection of fresh and brackish water aquifers.These logs
usually start within a few hundred feet of the land surface,while the more recent ones
start at depths of 1,000 to 1,500 ft below land surface which may eliminate the depth of
greatest interest.The log analysis is to extend to the base of the Evangeline Aquifer or
Gohad Sands.The base of the Evangeline Aquifer at the Stevens WTP is estimated to be
about,2,000 ft below land surface. On Mustang Island,the base of this aquifer is about
.m 3,200 ft below land surface.Previous studies suggest there is little or no potential for
ASR well fields in formations below the Evangeline Aquifer within the vicinity of the
District.The areal extent of the aquifer characterization will extend a few miles beyond
the District boundaries so that the data can sufficiently be tied into the regional geologic
framework.
Interpretations of the logs are to provide data on the top and bottom of all significant
sand and clay layers and estimates of water salinity within the sand layers. These data
are to be summarized into tables, charts and maps.The log interpretations are to also
include correlation with previous studies to identify the position of the major
stratigraphic (geologic) and aquifers and confining systems (hydrogeologic)units within
the subsurface.
The proposed plan includes the selection and interpretation of 30-50 logs in the District
and vicinity.The summary is to include: (1) tables, several maps and charts that
document and illustrate the occurrence of sand layers, and(2) the salinity,especially the
3,000 and 10,000 mg(L concentration of total dissolved solids(TDS) in the sand layers.
These data and analyses will be useful in siting potential ASR well fields and the design
of the wells.
li,umomnrem'V�f
Page 4 of 19
a p �
.,
3.4. ASR Design Guidance
Technical support for future design and operational plans of ASR wells and well fields
consists of several studies and tests. The major questions to be addressed for the design
include:
• What will be the regional direction and rate of drift of the injected freshwater
bubble around an ASR well?
• How does the close proximity of high saline groundwater affect ASR well field
operations?
• How much well interference is there in an ASR well field?Under what conditions
does it become significant?
• Does the difference in density of injected water and native groundwater cause the
inject water to rise to the top of the storage zone?
• What is the rise in groundwater levels during the injection cycle; and, the decline
in groundwater levels during recovery?Will the rise of water levels be above land
surface, which would cause water wells to flow?
• Is the injected water chemically compatible with native groundwater and with
formation materials?
• What is the variability of groundwater levels and water quality with depth?
• What is the potential for land surface subsidence?
......... Several of these questions can only be adequately answered with advanced, computerized
groundwater models. Because of the variability of groundwater salinity(density) in the
District and the potential high contrast in salinity between the injected ground water and
native groundwater water at an ASR well, the proposed groundwater model is known as
SEAWATt.This model was developed by the U.S. Geological Survey(USGS) and is
capable of simulating three-dimensional, variable density, transient groundwater flow in
porous media. This model combines the USGS model for groundwater flow
(MODFLOW) and mass transport(MT3DMS)models.The commonly used MODFLOW
program assumes all the water in the model to be equivalent to freshwater. MODFLOW
is used for all the TWDB Groundwater Availability Models(GAM)
Several other questions can only be addressed by conducting a test drilling program. Two
locations are proposed. One is near the Stevens WTP and the other is on Mustang Island.
3.4.1. Groundwater Flow and Mass Transport Modeling
3.4.1.1. Field Scale
A major concern is the tendency of the lighter (lower density) injected freshwater
to migrate (float) to the top of the water-bearing formation which contains heavier
(higher density)brackish or saline water. If this happens before recovery, the
' Gua,W.and Langevin,C.D.,2002,User's Guide to SEAWAT:A computer program for simulation of three-
dimensional variable density groundwater flow,U.S.Geological Survey Techniques of Water Resources
Investigatons 6-A7.
Page 5 of 19 Im
recovery efficiency will be greatly diminished.Figure 2 illustrates this concept.
This concept is similar to a lake"turning over"in the late fall or early winter
when the upper layer of the water is cooled by the weather and becomes slightly
denser than the underlying relatively warm water.As a result, the upper cool layer
flows to the bottom of the lake.
A field scale model will be designed to simulate the aquifer response of an
injected bubble of freshwater in the immediate vicinity of an ASR well.More
specifically,the model is to: (1)represent a water-bearing zone and adjacent
geologic layers in the vicinity of the ASR well and(2)calculate the aquifer water
levels and movement of the injected water and native water in this zone during
injection, storage(idle), and recovery cycles.
The proposed field scale model would be designed to focus on the major water-
bearing(storage)zone of an ASR well.This zone and adjacent geologic units
would be subdivided into about 25 layers and have model layer thickness of a few
tens feet.The aquifer parameters would be taken from data provided by the test
drilling program(discussed later) and regional groundwater models or well
pumping tests. Little or no calibration is anticipated.
The model simulation would consist of: (1)injecting into the ASR well over a few
month period,which creates a bubble of freshwater around the well, (2)letting the
well sit idle for a few years, and(3)pumping the ASR well over a few month
period to recover the injected water. The model would calculate the redistribution
or movement,if any,of the injected water in the vicinity of the ASR well that is
attributed to water density. It would calculate the salinity of the water in the
aquifer at selected time intervals and the salinity of the recovered water.
One test would be done with aquifer characteristics and hydrologic conditions at
the Stevens WTP where the relative contrast in water densities is small; and, the
other would be for characteristics and conditions on Mustang Island where the
relative contrast in water densities is great.
3.4.1.2. Regional Scale
One of the issues to be addressed with the regional scale model is the drift of the
injected freshwater bubble. If there is significant movement, it probably would be
toward the Kingsville well field where local groundwater levels have been
lowered over 200 ft and its cone of depression extends many miles.The effect of
this and other well fields on groundwater movement in the District is largely
undetermined.Also, the current single density(freshwater)groundwater models
have limited reliability in the vicinity of the saline zones. If drift of the injected
water bubble occurs, the ASR recovery efficiency would be reduced,especially
for long-term storage.Figure 3 illustrates this concept.
Page 6 of 19
The proposed extent of the model is an area about 50 miles around the District,
except toward the Gulf, which would encompass the Kingsville well field and any
that may develop in the vicinity of the District. The model would be somewhat
generalized with grids of about half mile on a side. The model layers would
extend to the base of the Evangeline Aquifer and be represented with 4-6 layers.
The model would be calibrated with existing groundwater level data.
Major results from a simulation of a scenario with a regional scale model would
be: (l) the direction and rate of groundwater movement at various locations in the
District, (2) the area where groundwater levels would be higher than land surface
during the injection cycle, and possibly during the idle cycle, (3) well
interference, and (4) information to estimate land surface subsidence.Figure 4
illustrates the concept of groundwater levels during predevelopment, injection and
recovery. It shows groundwater levels being above the top of a water well, which
could cause it to flow.
3.4.1.3. Selected Scenarios for Evaluation
Two ASR sites are proposed for evaluation. One is at the Stevens WTP and the
other is on Mustang Island. At each of these sites, two operational scenarios are
proposed.One scenario would represent an ASR operating on an annual cycle
when injection would occur during the fall/winter/spring and recovery would
occur during the summer.The other scenario would simulate long-term storage,
probably a decade. These simulations would be made with both models.
3.4.2. Test Drilling Program
The proposed test drilling program consists of drilling test holes,collecting core and
water samples, and constructing a monitoring well at two locations.This would be
done at both proposed ASR locations.
Key activities during a test drilling program would include:
• Describing the drill cuttings
• Logging the borehole with geophysical tools
• Measuring water levels at several depths
• Collecting water samples from several depths
• Collecting core samples from several depths
• Constructing a monitor well for future monitoring and data collection
Key data include:
• Delineation of the subsurface materials and their approximate permeability
• Emphasis would be on sand and clay layers
• Identifying geologic units
• Vertical variation of water levels and aquifer pressures
• Water quality characteristics
Page 7 of 19 1UR
• Basic geochemical data and information that are needed to calculate compatibility
of injected water with native water and formation material
3.4.3. Geochemical Compatibility Analyses
Geochemical compatibility analyses are needed to determine:
• If the mixing of the injected water with native groundwater is likely to cause a
precipitate to form from various constituents in the water.If a precipitate forms,it
probably will cause the well to become partly plugged, which would severely
affect the injection rate. Examples include iron°oxyhydroxide and organic flocs.
• If the injected water will cause a flocculation of clay particles,which would tend
to plug the aquifer and affect injection rates.The flocculation is usually associated
with ion exchange, oxidation of minerals, and factors associated with mineral
dissolution and solubility.
The data used for the compatibility analyses include: (1) samples collected from the
Stevens WTP to provide representative chemistry of the injected water, (2)water
samples collected during the test drilling program, and(3)formation samples from
the cores that were also collected during the test drilling program.
3.5. Compliance with TCEQ Regulations
TCEQ and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)classify ASR wells as Class V
injection wells.These wells generally are used to inject non-hazardous fluids into or
above an aquifer that is suitable for drinking water.
Implementation of ASR operations in the District will require complying with TCEQ
regulations.Some of the major regulations include:
• Area and factors of review: Area is about 0.5 miles from ASR well.Factors
include water and formation chemistry,bydrogeology, and population and water
use
• Construction standards: Similar to public drinking water wells
• Operating requirements: Injected water meets Drinking Water Standards and
limited injection pressures
• Re ortin Monthly and final reports: Approvals require information on as-built
data,log and test data,formation and injection fluid analyses, well capacities, and
hydrogeologic modeling
• State Water: If the supply of water to be stored underground is classified as "State
Water", a TCEQ permit is required
3.6. Feasibility Assessment
Finally, after the completion of the scientific and engineering studies, the results will be
used to prepare preliminary designs for ASR well fields at the Stevens WTP and Mustang
Island sites.Then, operational scenarios will be prepared for a feasibility assessment.At
. this time, the scenarios are annual cycling and long-term water banking, which were
,niv;IWxeA l(f�l
Page 8 of 19 HR.
discussed earlier.Included in the feasibility assessment is (1)matching the supply of
potable water for ASR and customer demands, (2) estimating the cost of constructing and
operating the ASR facilities, and(3)recovery efficiency of stored water. The costs are to
be summarized in a format that facilitates comparison with other water supply options as
presented in the approved regional water plan.
3.7. Detailed Summary of Proposed Elements and Tasks in 5-Year Plan
A detailed summary of the proposed 5-year plan's elements and associated tasks are
presented in Table 1.
Table I.Detailed List of Elements in Proposed 5-year PIan for CCASRGCD
Element Tasks
District 1) Write and adopt District Rules
Operations 2) Establish a well permitting process
3) Establish District management operations to conduct day-to-day
business,participate in regional and state water management activities,
and comply with TWDB and TCEQ regulations
4) Development of a data base
a) Select a database format
b) Compile water well data on water wells and load into the data base
i) Search for TWDB and TCEQ well records within the District,
including paper records at TCEQ
ii) Within selected counties, search only TWDB computerized
data base
c) Compile injection well data from RRC and load into data base
Aquifer 1) Compile historical water level and water quality data from' DB
Conditions data base for water wells
2) Summarize these data with aquifer maps and hydrographs
3) Prepare report
Aquifer 1) Geophysical Log Analysis
Characterization a) Select 30-50 electric logs of oil and gas test holes and wells in the
vicinity of the District,map the locations, and review for coverage.
b) Analyze and interpret the logs for occurrence of significant clay
and sand layers.Compile contacts into a spreadsheet
c) Estimate the approximate salinity for each of the major sand layers
from the resistivity logs
d) Aggregate the sand and clay layers into major hydrogeologic units
or zones
e) Prepare charts on the occurrence of sand for each of the logs
f) Summarize the major sand units or zones on maps
g) Summarize the water salinity on maps
h) Identify the stratigraphic (geologic)units
i) Pre are report
Page 9 of 19
" Element Tasks
ASR Design 1) Field-Scale Groundwater Model(SEAWAT)
Guidance a) Design the model to represent an area within a mile or so of a
conceptual ASR well at Stevens WTP and Mustang Island. This
includes the gridding and layering of the model.
b) Compile aquifer parameters from a regional model,geophysical
log data and well data
c) Estimate the salinity and density of water in the model layers
d) Code the model to represent a test of the potential upward
movement of the injected water bubble around an ASR well
e) Conduct the simulation and review the results at selected time
intervals
f) Document the model and results
2) Regional Groundwater Model(SEAWAT)
a) Design the model to represent an area within about 50 miles of the
District.This includes the gridding and Iayering of the model.
b) Compile aquifer parameters from the Central Gulf Coast
Groundwater Availability Model(CGCGAM),USGS models,and
technical reports.
c) Estimate the salinity and density of water in the various aquifer
layers
d) Prepare model calibration data sets
e) Code the model,make initial test runs, and perform calibration
f) Prepare documentation
g) Formulate an ASR test for ASR operations at the Stevens WTP
and Mustang Island
h) Conduct the tests and summarize the results
3) Test Drilling
a) Prepare designs and specifications for test drilling at Stevens WTP
and Mustang Island. The data to be collected include, description
of subsurface materials, geophysical logs,up to 10 core samples,
water levels and water quality samples from about 5 depth
intervals, and installation of a monitor well.
b) Advertise and bid the test drilling contract
c) Collect data during construction
d) Chemically analyze the water and core samples
e) Summarize the data and findings
4) Geochemical Compatibility Analyses
a) Select a geochemical blending model.A model commonly used
for this purpose is a USGS model known as PHREEQC
b) Compile water quality and geologic core data
c) Code the model and make simulations with various water blending
ratios
d) Prepare modeling predictions
e) Summarize findings and describe potential adverse impacts from
ASR operations
Page 10 of 19 hrR
W
Element Tasks
'f TCEQ 1) Rules and Regulations
Regulations a) Compile and summarize regulations
b) Evaluate the potential difficul ,if any, of complying with them
Feasibility 1) Selection of Potential Operational Scenarios
Assessment a) Compile information of water supplies and demands
b) Discuss with District officials
2) Preliminary Engineering
a) Prepare preliminary well and infrastructure designs for selected
scenarios
b) Estimate cost of construction and operation
c) Estimate ASR recovery efficiency
d) Prepare summaries in a format for comparison with other options
Report 1) Prepare a report on the major findings
12) Prepare recommendations of ASR design and o erations
4. Proposed Schedule
The overall approach in the preparation of the proposed schedule for the 5-year plan is based
on:
Identifying the sequence of data and information needed for later tasks
Performing basic tasks early to allow the District to develop a comfort and confidence
with the implementation of the 5-year plan
Addressing some of the most important and potentially adverse factors in the
development of an ASR program at an early stage
Deferring some of the less critical tasks and/or more expensive tasks to later stages
Table 2 is an outline of the proposed schedule for the major elements in the plan.
`i
Page 11 of 19 L
a
Table 2.Proposed Schedule for Major Elements of 5-Year Plan
Element Year
1 2 3 4 5
District Operations
•
Development of Well Data Base
Aquifer Conditions
• Load water level and water quality data
Aquifer Characterization
• Geophysical Log Analyses
ASR Design Guidelines
• Field-Scale Groundwater Model
• Regional Groundwater Model
• Test Drilling
• Geochemical Com atibili Tests
TCEQ Regulations
Feasibility Assessments
Report and Recommendations
4.1. First Year
Major tasks to be undertaken in the first year include; (1) selecting the format of the
District's data base and obtaining training,if needed,for District staff, (2)compiling
basic data on water and injection wells within and in the vicinity of the District and
loading into the data base,and(3)preparing a description of the subsurface geology in
the District by compiling, interpreting, and summarizing geophysical logs of oil and
gas wells.
4.2. Second and Third Years
The major tasks are the development of the field scale groundwater model and the test
drilling program. The results from this model are very important in determining if
there are potential adverse effects of relatively high groundwater density on the
efficiency of an ASR operation.Results from the test drilling will provide data and
information on the design of the model and setting model parameters.
4.3. Fourth Year
The major tasks for the fourth year is beginning the development of the regional
model and conducting geochemical compatibility tests.
4.4. Fifth and Final Year
The major tasks for the fifth and final year are concluding the development and
application tests with the regional model,compiling TCEQ regulatory requirements
that will need to be considered by the District,conducting the feasibility assessments,
and preparing a report on findings and recommendations.
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5. Estimated Cost
The summary of the estimated costs for the major elements and tasks in the plan are listed
in Table 3.
Table 3. Estimated Costs for Major Elements of 5-Year Plan
Element Year
1 2 3 4 5 Total
Project Management $5,000 1 $20,000 1 $20,000 $10,000 $20,000 $75,000
District Operations
• Develo meat of Well Data Base None $0
Aquifer Conditions
• Water Level and Water Quality Data None $0
A ulfer Characterization
• Geophysical Log Analyses $30,000 $30,000
ASR Desigg Guidance
• Field-Scale Groundwater Model $25,000 $35,000 $60,OD4
• Regional Groundwater Model $40,004 $40,000 $80,000
• Test Drilling $300,000 $300,000 $600,000
• Geochemical Compatibility Tests $30,000 $30,000
TCEO Regulations
• Rule Review $5,000 $S,DOO
Feasibility Assessment
• Prehminary Design and O ration $20,000 $20,040
• Cost Estimates $20,000 $20.000
+s,� • Re ort $30,OOD $30,000
TOTAL $35,040 $345,040 $355,000 $80,000 $135,000 $950,000
Notes:
1:Assumes District Staff will perform task.
As shown in Table 3, a very large part of the total cost is associated with test drilling. It's
estimated that the well drilling contract will be about$250,000 for each of the two wells,
and professional engineering, geophysical logging and laboratory services will cost about
$50,000 per well.
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r
6. Summary
A proposed five-year plan has been developed with elements consisting of:
1. Performing District operations required or normally expected of a groundwater
conservation district in Texas,including the development of data base(s);
2. Compiling water level and water quality data and preparing summaries;
3. Characterizing the geology of the subsurface by defining the occurrence of sand
and clay layers and the salinity of water within the sand layers;
4. Conducting test drilling,groundwater modeling and geochemical studies that are
believed to be necessary in the planning and design of ASR wells and an ASR
program;
5. Reviewing TCEQ regulations regarding ASR wells; and
6. Preparing a feasibility assessment of two types of ASR operations at two sites.
A summary of major annual activities for the proposed 5-year plan follow:
• First Year.
o Compiling well, water level and water quality data and loading into a data
base
o Compiling, interpreting and summarizing subsurface geology and water
salinity information from oil and gas logs
• Second Year:
o Conduct the test drilling program at one of the two test sites
o Develop a field scale groundwater model
• Third Year:
o Conduct the test drilling program at the second test site
o Conduct a variety of tests with the field scale model
• Fourth Year:
o Develop the regional scale groundwater model
o Perform the geochemical compatibility analyses
• Fifth Year:
o Apply the regional scale model for selected scenarios
o Review TCEQ rules and regulations regarding ASR construction and
operations
o Prepare a feasibility assessment for two potential ASR programs
o Prepare a report that summarized the findings and recommendations
The total estimated cost to execute the 5-year plan is$950,000.The greatest expense is an
estimated$600,000 test drilling program, which would be conducted in the second and
third years. The annual cost range from an estimated$35,000 in the first year to$355,000
in the third year.
Page 14 of 19 hrR
FIGURES
Page 15 of 19 hrR
ce
100
a
0.
"�' gyp, "" �,➢yla�;I�' �' � � �, ��
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aro..
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al
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Figurel.Location of Corpus Christi Aquifer Storage and Recovery Groundwater
Conservation District.
Page 16 of 19 T �
W.
Injection
5R Well
Confining Bed Cray and Share
°Ul"r
�✓r4
Water-Bearing Zone r Brackish or
Saitne Water
�iyr�f
Water Injected for storage travels concent tally,"creat ing a storage BEEF
around well.
Idle
71,
n
Y
I�
V
Water-Bearing t !�� f3roundweter
Zone ( ��P�aS 1 Movamurt
p I t
L
MY
I ➢Pr t
During storage,gravity forces may cause less dense freshwater to migrate to the
top of the water-bearing zone with more dense saline water.
ecovery
o. m
h
Cofrflnino Bed
u °
I
.:....:...
Water-Bearing
Zone
�r
During recovery,some native groundwater Is pumped
along with the injected water.
Figure 2.Schemadc illustrating the potential movement of injected freshwater around an
ASR well to the top of the water-bearing zone and reduced recovery efficiency.
Page 17 of 19 h"rR.
Injectio00o A� n
�� t ';
J
tai "
Brackish or ,,,
Illater•Bearing Zone- Saline Water,
Water Injected for storage,trAiials ng a storage bubble
around well.
._ e_
�a71 �i»ry r d+' g p� 10F, ��
n'g � c�
LL.
il ,r�d
1 J Regknaf
Caf'OIIAQr
Water-Searing
Zone Jrfovain
N11
1
Gmun&inter �' !nlHaf!"cfya
Movement �,, of6u8We
If regional groundwater movement Is significant,storage bubble drifts
downgradient during storage and away from center of well.
Recovery
ih r Am o a y 7,9f
Water-Bearing Zone 1
Al
i; j6(l
During recovery,some native groundwater is pumped;and,some injected water is
lost.
Figure 3. Schematic illustrating the drift of injected freshwater around an ASR well
away from the well and reduced recovery efficiency.
Page 1$of 19
T
Pre-injection
Water Well ASR Well
roan we er sva . d Su oe
,.Cohfi`Ing sed 1,
Clay and Shale
14
M Brackish or
Water-Bearing Zone Saline Water
Irl, iii
21
z:
Dr o lifilection,wa OF IBVe,S Iln wells screenea in storage Zone ar8 below an
surface.
Injection
Flowing W Groundwater Lave!
II
Coninrl:!1' g BeI u
1� Q
s
X
art Braaklsh or
� Water-Bearing Zone Saone Water
i
During injection cycle,aquifer is pressurized and may cause groundwater
levels to rise above land surface.When this happens,water wells may flow.
Recovery
.. Land Surface
Subsoil
Coni Bed
,
r
i;G Wig;
Brackish or
Water-Bearing Zone " Saline Water
During recovery cycle,groundwater levels decline to many feet below land
surface.
Figure 4. Schematic illustrating the change in groundwater water levels during ASR
operations and potential flowing wells during the injection cycle.
Page 19 of 19
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